1750 - 1800 Classical Forms
Opera
Secular vocal work with orchestral accompaniment. Text usually in Italian. Drama on stage would be worked around pieces for soloists, small groups of singers and for the chorus. Composers included Mozart & Gluck.
Oratorio
Sacred religious work that tells a biblical story without the staging, in German or English. Composers included Haydn.
Mass
Religious work with Latin words and written for Christian ceremony. Included choruses, arias and duets. Composers included Mozart & Haydn.
Symphony
Large instrumental works for a standardised orchestral group comprised of double woodwind (sometimes clarinets), horns, trumpets (no trombones), timpani, and strings. 4 movements : fast (in sonata form) - slow - minuet & trio - fast. Mozart & Haydn were both prolific symphonic composers.
String Quartet
Chamber work for 2 x violin, viola & cello. Four movements in the same configuration as for symphony. Composers included Mozart & Haydn.
Concerto
Work for solo instrument (piano or orchestral instrument) and a standardised orchestral group, in 3 movements. Mozart & Haydn composed many concerti.
Solo Piano Sonata
Piece for pianoforte solo, in three movements : fast (in sonata form) - slow - fast (often a rondo). Hayden, Mozart and CPE Bach all composed these.
Miscellaneous chamber works
Including piano quintets (piano with string quartet), piano quartets (piano, violin, viola & cello) and piano trios (piano, violin & cello).
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